新和英大辞典第５版　メニュー	前項へ　 次項へ
あたま【頭】 (atama) 1 〔頭部〕 a head; a 《bald》 pate; 〔脳天〕 the crown [top] (of the head); 【解】 caput 《pl. capita》. (背が)頭一つだけ低い (be) a full head shorter 《than sb》. 〔出産時に〕 赤ちゃんの頭が見えはじめた. The baby's head is crowning [beginning to show]. ・ひどい風邪をひいて, 一週間どうにも頭が上がらなかった. I got a terrible cold and for a week I simply couldn't get out of bed [I was totally incapable of getting up]. ・頭が痛い. I have [I've got] a headache. ・ひどく頭が痛い. I have [I've got] a terrible [a very bad] headache. | My head aches terribly. ・今朝はまた, いやに頭が痛いな. My head feels really awful again this morning. | I've got a lousy headache again this morning. ・頭がひどく痛みだした. My head has started aching [hurting] terribly. | I'm developing [getting] an awful headache. ・頭が割れるように痛い. I've got a splitting headache. | I've got such a terrible headache that my head feels as though it were splitting in two. ・頭ががんがんする. I have a pounding headache. ・頭が大きくて帽子が入らない. My head's so big I can't get it into the hat [it won't fit into the hat, I can't get the hat on]. ・今日は頭が重い. My head feels [is] heavy today. ・頭がかゆいので, 洗った. My head was itchy [My head itched] so I washed it [had a shampoo]. ・あまり高くて, 下を見たら頭がくらくらした. It was so high up that when I looked down I felt [got, became] dizzy. | It was so high that looking down made my head swim [reel, go round (and round)]. ・頭がぼうっとしている. My head feels fuzzy. | My head [brain] isn't working (properly). | 〔寝ぼけて〕 I'm only half-awake. | I'm (still) half-asleep. ・抱く時には赤ちゃんの頭がぐらつかないように押さえておいてください. When you hold the baby, support its head so that it doesn't wobble [to keep it in position]. ・ファッションモデルは頭が小さい人が多い. Many fashion models have small heads. ・猫は, 頭が通れば, その隙間を通り抜けることができる. If a cat can get [pass] its head through a gap it can get its body through, too. | If a cat's head will go [fit] through a gap its body will, too. その男の子に頭でぐいぐい押されて, 尻餅をついてしまった. The boy butted me hard [shoved me hard with his head] and I fell on my bottom. ・〔サッカーで〕 鈴木がうまくキーパーをかわし, 頭でボールを押しこんで 1 点先取した. Suzuki got past the goalkeeper and headed the ball in to make the first score. ・小野選手からのパスを彼が頭で合わせて決勝点を挙げた. He got his head to a pass from Ono and scored the deciding goal. 安全のため, 頭には必ずヘルメットをかぶること. For safety's sake, you must always wear a helmet (on your head) [put a helmet on]. ・どっちを頭にして寝ようかな. Which direction shall I lie in? | Which direction shall I lay out the futon in? ・カッと頭に血がのぼって息子を殴ってしまった. I lost my temper and hit my son. | I flew off the handle [blew my top] and hit my son. ・鬼は頭に角が生えている. An oni has horns on its head. | The oni's head has horns. ・その鳥は頭に冠のような羽毛があるのでカンムリバトという名がついた. Because it has feathers on its head like a crown, that bird is called a crowned pigeon. ・彼は頭に手をやって, 「あっ, 困った」と言った. He put a hand to his head [He touched the top of his head (with one hand)] and said, “Darn it!” 女の人が荷物を頭の上に載せて運んでいた. The women were carrying loads on (the top(s) of) their head(s). ・僕たちの頭の上を飛行船が飛んでいった. Airships were flying over our heads [overhead]. ・彼は頭のうしろに手を組んでソファーに寝転び, あくびをした. He folded his hands behind his head, lay down on the sofa, and yawned. ・赤ん坊を寝かせてばかりいると頭の形が悪くなると信じられている. People believe that if you leave babies lying down all the time it deforms their heads. ・私の父は頭のてっぺんがはげている. The top of my father's head is bald. | My father is bald on top. ・彼女の声はまるで頭のてっぺんから出てくるみたいに甲高い. She has a shrill voice that hits the highest registers. ・頭の鉢 a skull; a brainpan; a cranium 《pl. 〜s, -nia》 ・今回見つかったのは, 恐竜の頭の骨の一部らしい. The latest find seems to be part of a dinosaur skull [the cranium of a dinosaur]. ・彼はいつも 100 点. 僕たちとは頭の中身が違うのさ. He always gets hundreds [full marks]. He has different brains from the rest of us [His gray matter is differently from ours]. 頭を上げなさい. Put your head up. | Raise [Lift (up)] your chin. ・柱に頭をぶつけてこぶができた. I bumped [hit] my head against a post and got a lump on my head. ・紹介されて彼女は丁寧に頭を下げた. After being introduced she bowed politely [made a polite bow]. ・彼女は頭を強く打って意識不明の重体です. Having received a heavy blow to the head [struck her head hard], she is unconscious and in critical condition. ・警官はスリを組み伏せ頭をひざで押さえつけた. The policeman pinned down the pickpocket, using one knee to hold his head pressed to the ground. ・褒められた彼は, 照れくささを, 頭をかいてごまかした. He scratched his head to hide his embarrassment at this praise. ・〔走り高跳びで〕 彼女はバーをクリアできず, 両手で頭を抱えてしゃがみこんでしまった. When she failed to clear the bar she held her head and sank into a squatting position. ・担架で病人を運ぶときには, 病人の頭を足の高さより下げないように注意しなさい. When carrying a stretcher, be careful not to allow the patient's head to fall below the level of [to keep the patient's head higher than] his or her feet. ・頭を冷やす cool one's [sb's] head down; put 《an icepack》 on sb's head to reduce his fever [temperature] ・お前の頭を叩き割ってやる. 《口》 I'll beat your brains out [knock your block off]. | I'll brain you. ・頭を通して着る洋服は僕は嫌いだ. I dislike clothes you put on over your head. ・父は, 僕の頭をなでて「泣くんじゃない」と言った. My father patted me on the head and said, “Don't cry.” ・頭を寄せ集めて何を相談しているんだい? What are you all discussing [putting your heads together about]? | What is it that you've all got together to talk about? 私はシシャモを頭から食べる. I eat smelt from the head (end) [head first]; 〔頭も残さずに〕 I eat the whole smelt, head and all. ・頭から尻尾まで餡(あん)がたっぷり入った鯛焼きだ. These are taiyaki, stuffed from head to tail with an [bean jam]. ・タコの頭は実は人間の胴に当たる部分だ. The part of an octopus that is commonly thought of as its head is really equivalent to the torso of a human being. ・頭は人間, 体は虎という奇妙な動物の絵を, その子は描いた. The child drew a picture of a strange animal with a human head and a tiger's body [the head of a man and the body of a tiger]. ・子供の頭ほどもある石がごろごろ出てきた. There were a lot of stones the size of a child's head. ・〔かくれんぼで隠れている子に〕 頭隠して尻隠さずだ. スカートの端っこが見えてるよ. Do you call that hiding? The edge of your skirt is showing. ・彼らのやっていることは頭隠して尻隠さずだ. What they're doing is burying their heads in the sand like an ostrich. 2 〔頭髪〕 hair; 〔髪型〕 a hairstyle; a coiffure. 花嫁の支度は頭が先で, 着付けが後になる. When the bride is dressed her hair is attended to first and her kimono afterward. | The bride gets her hair done before she has the kimono put on. ・父は頭が薄くなり, 母は白くなった. My father is balding [losing his hair, 《口》 getting thin on top] and my mother's hair is white. | My father's hair has grown sparse [thin] and my mother's hair has turned white. うちでは, 夫が子供の頭を刈っている. In our family my husband cuts the children's hair. ・彼は, 思い切り短く頭を刈ってきた. He had [got] his hair cut really short. ・その人は頭を七三に分けた実直そうな人でした. He was an honest-looking man with his hair parted at the side [a parting at the side]. ・彼女は今化粧室で風で乱れた頭を直しています. She's in the dressing room tidying her hair, which was messed up by the wind. 私の頭は天然パーマなんです. My hair curls naturally. | I have naturally curly hair. 3 〔頭の働き･頭脳〕 a head; a brain; brains; a mind; 〔知力〕 intelligence. 彼に少しでも頭があれば, この仕事で金もうけができるのに. If he had any brains [wit, intelligence] he'd make some money out of this. | If he wasn't such a fool [so brainless] this would make him a profit. ・私はその時そうするだけの頭がなかった. At the time I didn't have the sense to do that. ・頭がいい 〔聡明である〕 be intelligent [smart, clever]; have a good brain [mind]; have intelligence; 《口》 have a good head on one's shoulders; 《口》 have brains; 〔勉強がよくできる〕 be bright; 《口》 be brainy ・彼は生まれつき頭がいい. He is by nature very intelligent [smart, clever]. | He was born with a good brain. ・頭がいい子は教えるのも楽だ. It's easy teaching bright [intelligent, smart, clever] children. | 《口》 Teaching children with brains is easier. ・頭がよくなる薬はない. There's no medicine [drug] that'll make people more intelligent. ・本当にこれを食べたら頭がよくなるの? Is it true that eating this will make you more intelligent [smarter, cleverer]? ・ジェット機を操縦するにも, 自転車に乗るにも, それなりの頭がいる. You need a certain amount of intelligence whether you are flying a jet or riding a bicycle. | A bare minimum of intelligence is necessary whatever you do—whether it's flying a jet or riding a bicycle. ・彼女の言葉の意味がわからないなんて, 君は頭が鈍いねえ. You must be dim [dim-witted, slow on the uptake] to miss what she's trying to say. ・あの男は少々頭が足りない. He's not too bright [smart, clever]. | 《口》 He's not all there (mentally). | He is a bit soft in the head. ・それで彼の頭がお粗末なのがわかる. That shows his lack of intelligence. | You can see from that that he's not very bright. ・君は頭がどうかしたのか. 《口》 Are you crazy [mad, off your head]? | Is there something wrong [the matter] with you? | What's got into you? ・私は昼食後いつも眠くて頭が働かなくなる. After lunch I'm always sleepy and my brain stops working. ・あまりの暑さで頭が変になりそうだ. It's so hot (that) I'm going crazy [mad]. | 《口》 The heat's driving me crazy [mad, nuts]. ・あの人は頭が変だ. 〔おかしい〕 There's something wrong with him mentally [psychologically]. | He's (mentally) disturbed. | 《口》 He's crazy [off his rocker, mad, 《俗》 crackers]. | He's not all there. ・疲れて私は頭が変になっていたらしい. My head must have been muddled by fatigue. ・血を見て彼は頭がおかしくなった. The sight of blood made him a bit strange in the head. ・母は年をとって頭がぼけてきたらしい. My mother seems to have become senile [feeble-minded] in her old age. ・頭が悪い be stupid [unintelligent, 《口》 dim, dense, brainless, 《口》 dumb]; be not smart [clever]; be a fool [《口》 an idiot]; 《口》 have no brains ・お前は頭が悪いのだから人一倍勉強しろと親に言われた. My parents told me to study harder than other kids because I wasn't very brainy. ・一つ一つ足していくのは頭が悪いやり方だ. Just adding them up one by one is a stupid way to do it. 人の考えを気にしてばかりいないで, 自分の頭で考えなさい. Instead of just worrying about other people's opinions [what other people think], think for yourself. ・頭で考えるだけではだめだ, 実地を踏め. It's no good just thinking about it; you have to do it. | Just theorizing won't do. Get some practical experience. ・これは立派な発明だ. 小学生の頭でよくここまで考えられたね. This is a great invention! It's amazing that an elementary school child could think things through to this point. ・夜の疲れた頭で考えたことは, 翌朝の寝覚めのさえた頭で考え直すとよい. It's good to think over again in the morning, when your head is clear, what you thought the previous night when your head was tired. ・酔っぱらってはっきりしない頭で, 彼は恋人からの手紙を読みはじめた. Drunk, and with his brain not functioning properly, he began reading the letter from his girlfriend. ・いけないと頭でわかっていても, 娘の顔を見るとつい小言が出てしまう. I know [I'm conscious, I'm aware] that I shouldn't, but when I see my daughter's face I can't stop myself nagging. 頭に詰めこむだけの教育では本当に優秀な人間は育たない. An education that merely forces knowledge into children [stuffs children's heads with knowledge] cannot develop really brilliant people. | Really talented people don't come out of an educational system that simply stuffs children full of knowledge. ・寝る前に読んだ本の内容が頭に残って, 夢になることがある. Sometimes the contents of a book you've been reading before going to sleep stay in your subconscious and turn into a dream. ・公式を生徒の頭にたたきこむ pound [drill] (mathematical) formulas into students' heads ・あの先生の講義はわかりやすくて, よく頭に入る. That teacher's lectures are easy to understand and take in. | 《口》 That teacher's classes are so clear that you really get it [what she's talking about]. ・周囲が騒々しくて, 本を読んでも一向に頭に入らない. It's so noisy around here that I can't take in anything I do read [even if I do read something I can't take it in]. あの人は頭の回転が速い. He's quick-witted [quick on the uptake, a quick thinker]. | He's smart [clever]. | He has a quick mind. ・頭の回転が速い人は話をするのも早口だ. People who think fast [Quick thinkers] speak fast, too. ・あの子は頭の回転が遅いように見えるけれど, とても注意深い子だよ. He may seem slow [slow on the uptake, not very bright, slow-witted] but he's a very cautious child. ・クイズで頭の体操をしましょう. Let's do some mental exercise(s) [stretch our brains] with a quiz. ・突然の出来事に頭の中が真っ白になった. It happened so suddenly that my mind went blank [my brain stopped working]. ・故郷の風景が今でも頭の中に鮮やかに残っている. I still remember clearly what the village I was born in looked like. | The appearance of the village where I was born is still vivid in my memory. ・カラスは非常に頭のいい鳥だ. Crows are very clever [intelligent] birds. ・彼女の頭のよさが言葉のはしばしに窺える. Her intelligence is apparent in every word she says. | Every word she utters shows what a good brain [mind] she has. 外の冷たい空気に当たって頭をすっきりさせてこい. Go outside and let the cool air clear your head. ・頭を使う[働かす] think; use one's head [brain(s), wit]; put one's brain [wit] to work; use one's mental powers ・私は頭を使う仕事は苦手だ. I'm no good at any kind of work that requires mental labor [where I have to use my head]. ・これは少し頭を使えば簡単にできる問題だよ. This is an easy problem if you just use your head [think, use your brains] a little. ・頭を使いすぎて死んだなんて話は聞いたことがない. I've never heard of anybody dying from thinking [taxing his or her brain(s)] too hard. ・彼らは, どうすればどうなるというふうに頭を働かせることをしない. They never exercise their brains to think of the consequences of what they do. ・君らの頭をいくつ合わせてもいい知恵など出るはずがない. It won't matter how many of you guys put your heads together, you're not going to come up with any good ideas. 体ばかり育っても, 頭はまだ子供だ. He has developed physically but he still has the brains of a child [he's still intellectually immature]. ・犬の頭は人間の何歳児並みなのだろう. A dog has the same intelligence as a child of what age? | A dog has the equivalent intelligence of a child of what age, do you think? ・私の頭は数学に向いていない. I don't have the right kind of brain for mathematics [a mathematical kind of brain]. | I'm not [My brain isn't] suited to mathematics. ・簡単な組み立て作業だから, 頭なんか要らない. It's simple assembly work; you don't have to think. 4 〔考慮〕 consideration; account; 〔考え〕 an idea; thought; 〔見方〕 a point of view; a way of thinking. 彼女のことで頭がいっぱいだった. I couldn't think about anything except her. | I was obsessed with (thoughts of) her. ・二人に同時に話しかけられて頭が混乱してしまった. They both talked to me at once and I got muddled [confused]. ・〔息子が父親に向かって〕 そんなこと言うなんてお父さんは頭が古いよ. That's an out-of-date [old-fashioned] way of thinking, Father. ・頭が古い人は, 女性の上司なんてとんでもないと思うだろう. Traditionalists [The old guard, 《口》 The oldies] must find the idea of having a woman as boss totally unacceptable. | People with the old way(s) of thinking would presumably be totally opposed to having a woman as their superior. ああした古い頭で若者を指導してほしくないね. I don't want somebody with such old-fashioned ideas to be counseling young people. 適任者として彼の名前が頭に浮かんだ. It occurred [came] to me that he would be a suitable candidate. ・第一に彼の頭に浮かんだことは, 自分はあと幾年生きられるだろうか, ということである. The first thought that occurred to him [His first thought] was how many years he had left. ・できあがった家は彼が頭に思い描いていたとおりだった. The completed house was exactly as he had imagined [pictured, envisaged] it. | The completed house was just what he had had in mind. ・父の頭にあるのは会社のことばかりだ. My father is obsessed with [can't think about anything except] the company. | The only thing my father thinks about [in my father's head] is the company. ・頭に入れておいたはずの公式を僕はみんな忘れてしまった. I thought I had memorized the formulas properly [got the formulas properly into my head], but I forgot them all. ・明日の予定をよく頭に入れておきなさい. Get tomorrow's schedule firmly into your heads. | Look at tomorrow's schedule and make sure that you don't forget it. ・計画の全体を頭に置いて考えたほうがいい. We ought to look at the entire project as a whole. | The whole plan should be taken into consideration [account]. ・社長は売り上げばかり気にして, 社員の健康のことなど頭になかった. The president was only worried about sales figures and didn't think about [wasn't interested in, wasn't concerned about] the health of the employees. | The president's only concern was sales and he didn't show any concern [consideration] for the employees' health. 私たち頭の奥にはいまだに男尊女卑の考えがある. At the back of our minds [Subconsciously, Without being conscious of it], we still have the idea that males are superior. ・仕事中毒の彼には, 頭の切り替えとなる趣味が必要だ. He's a workaholic. He needs a hobby to take his mind off his work. ・別れ際の彼の言葉が, 頭の中でぐるぐる回っている. His parting words keep going around [round] in my head. ・まだ会ったことがない人のイメージが, 頭の中でどんどんふくらんでいく. The image of a person I've yet to meet grows and grows in my head. 彼は, 毎日, 舞台が終わると, 頭を空にするためにジョギングをした. Every day after the performance he went jogging to try and forget everything [clear his head]. ・そういう考えがちらと頭をかすめた. A thought of that kind flitted through his brain [head, mind]. ・英語から日本語へ頭を切り替えるのが, 彼はとてもうまい. He's brilliant at switching [making the switch] from English to Japanese. ・それについての私の考えは, 頭をきちんと整理してから話します. I'll tell you what I think about that once [after] I've sorted everything out in my head. ・その風景に, 幼いころの思い出が頭をよぎった. When I saw the place a memory of my early childhood flashed through my mind [head, brain]. | The scenery brought back a sudden memory of my infancy. そのことが頭から離れない. I cannot get it out of my head [stop thinking about it]. 5 〔首領〕 a person at the top; a boss; a chief; a leader. ナンバーツーを頭に据えて, 組織の立て直しを図ることとした. They tried putting the organization back on its feet by putting the second in command at the top [in charge]. 6 〔最初〕 the beginning [start] 《of…》; the opening 《of…》; 〔上方〕 the top [head] 《of…》; 〔先端〕 the point [tip] 《of…》. 曲の頭 the opening [beginning, start] of a piece of music ・釘の頭 the head of a nail ・鼻の頭 the tip of one's nose ・月の頭 〔月初め〕 the beginning [start] of a month ・来月の頭にはゲラができてくる予定です. The proofs are due to be ready at the beginning of next month. ・話の頭 the beginning [start, opening] of a conversation [discussion] ・話の頭で校長先生は, 学校で飼っているウサギに昨日赤ちゃんが生まれたことを子供たちに報告した. The Principal started (his talk) by telling the children that the school rabbit had babies yesterday. ・マッチ棒の頭 the head of a match. 生けた花は, 頭が重くて倒れてしまった. The flowers in the vase were top-heavy and they fell over. ・タケノコは, 地面から頭が見え始めたころのがおいしい. Bamboo shoots taste best when the tips begin to appear above the ground. 東関東自動車道は宮野木料金所を頭に20 キロの渋滞です. On the Higashi-Kant Expressway there is congestion stretching back (for) twenty kilometers from the Miyanogi tollgates. ・「箸」は頭にアクセントを置く. In the word “hashi,” meaning “chopstick,” the first syllable [mora] has prominent pitch. | In the sense “chopstick,” the first syllable [mora] of “hashi” is accented [has a higher pitch]. ・客の名は確か頭に山のつく人だった. I'm pretty sure the customer's name began with “Yama” [was “Yama-something”]. 生け垣の頭を平らに刈り揃えた. I trimmed the top of the hedge straight across. ・水平線から太陽が頭を出した. The rim of the sun appeared over the horizon. | The sun started rising [to appear] above the horizon. ・一面に稲穂が重い頭を垂れていた. Everywhere one looked there were heavy drooping ears of rice. | As far as the eye could see heavy ears [heads] of rice hung down heavily. 道路沿いの家にトラックが頭から突っ込んだ. A truck ran straight [head first] into a house by the road. 7 〔人数･メンバー〕 ⇒あたまかず. 今日は頭が揃わないので会議は中止です. We won't have enough people [a quorum] today so the meeting is cancelled. 昨日の会の費用は, 頭で割ると一人 1,200 円になる. The cost of yesterday's party works out at 1,200 yen each [a head, per head, a person, per person]. 容疑者 5 人が頭をそろえて捜査本部に出頭してきた. Five suspects have turned up together at the investigation headquarters. 一人頭1,200 円 1,200 yen each [a head, per head, a person, per person]. 頭が上がらない あの人には, 就職する時から面倒を見てもらっていて, 頭が上がらない. He has done a lot for me since I started working and I feel a great deal of obligation to him [I owe him a great deal]. | I have a strong sense of obligation to him for all the help he has given me since I first got a job. 頭が痛い あの子の乱暴には頭が痛い. My son's violent behavior is causing me a lot of pain [suffering]. | I'm finding my son's violence hard to cope with [a (serious) problem, a (major) headache]. 頭が固い 彼は若いのに頭が固くて, 説得に苦労する. In spite of his youth he's very inflexible [rigid, hidebound] and it's difficult to convince him. | 《口》 He may be young but he's a real stick in the mud and it's tough to talk some sense into him. ・必ず海を青に塗るのは頭が固い証拠だ. An inability to paint the sea any other color than blue is evidence of an inflexible mind [a rigid mentality, a mind that cannot adapt]. | If somebody can only paint the sea blue it shows that he or she can't change (his or her way of thinking). 頭が切れる 頭は切れるし, 顔はいいしで, 彼はもてるだろうね. He's clever [smart] and he's handsome; I bet he's popular with the girls. 頭が下がる あの人の忍耐力には頭が下がる. I'm enormously impressed with his perseverance. | I'm full of admiration for his perseverance. | 《口》 I take off my hat to his perseverance. 頭が低い be unassuming [unpretentious, modest]. 彼はだれに対しても頭が低い. He's modest [unassuming, unpretentious] in his dealings with everyone. | He doesn't try to impress [awe] people, whoever they are. 頭が回る 私はそこまで頭が回らなかった. I didn't get around to thinking of that. 頭が柔らかい 1 〔思考法が自由である〕 be free of preconceptions; be unprejudiced. 若い社員は頭が柔らかいから, いろんな発想をする. Young company employees don't have preconceptions [aren't rigid, have flexible minds], so they are very imaginative. 2 〔何でも受け入れる柔軟性がある〕 be receptive; have a receptive mind; be able to take 《anything》 in. 子供は頭が柔らかいから, 教えれば結構なんでも覚える. Children are receptive [have receptive minds], and they remember surprisingly well whatever you tell them. | Children [Children's minds] can take anything in and they remember almost everything they are taught. 頭から 〔初めから〕 from the beginning [the start]; 〔全然〕 completely; flatly; 《not》 at all. 頭から否定する[はねつける] flatly [completely] deny [refuse, reject]; deny [refuse] outright; make an outright [a complete, a flat] denial [refusal] ・頭から問題にしない completely ignore 《a suggestion》; take no account at all of 《what sb says》 ・彼の言い分を頭から問題にしないでいてよいのか. Should we really ignore his claims completely [outright]? | Is it really OK to take no notice at all of what he has to say? ・課長は部下の提案を頭から問題にしなかった. The section head dismissed her subordinate's proposals out of hand. | Right from the start the section chief refused to take [treat] his subordinate's suggestion seriously. ・刑事はその容疑者が犯人だと頭からきめつけてかかった. The detective was convinced from the start [the first] that the suspect was the culprit. ・頭から今の若い者は信用できないときめつけてかかるのは不当だ. It is wrong [unfair, unreasonable] to take it for granted [simply to assume] that young people nowadays can't be trusted. 頭から水を浴びたよう その凄惨な光景に, 頭から水を浴びたようなショックを受けた. The (sight of the) carnage sent shivers down my spine [horrified me]. 頭から湯気を立てる 祖父は家宝を壊され, 頭から湯気を立てて怒った. 《口》 When this family treasure got broken my grandfather completely blew his top [hit the roof, had a fit]. | When this family heirloom was destroyed my grandfather was (absolutely) furious [incensed, livid]. 頭越しに bypassing sb; going over sb's head; leaving sb out. 前の人の頭越しに書類を渡す leave out the person in front of one and pass a document directly to sb ・課長の頭越しに直接社長に新製品の開発を提案した. I went over the section chief's head and proposed the development of a new product straight to the president. ・米中交渉が日本政府の頭越しに行われた. The negotiations between the USA and China were carried out over the head of [without the knowledge of] the Japanese Government. 頭ごなし 頭ごなしにしかりつける scold sb unsparingly [without giving him a chance to explain, without giving him a chance to make an excuse] ・君のような頭ごなしの批判は反感を買うだけだ. The way you attack people without giving them a chance to reply just creates bad feeling. | Your sort of overbearing criticism simply puts people's backs up. 頭に来る 〔かっとする〕 fly into a rage; blow one's top; blow a fuse; hit the ceiling [roof]; 〔かっとさせる〕 infuriate one; annoy hell out of one; get (on) one's goat; drive one up the wall; piss one off; raise one's hackles. あいつはまったく頭に来る. He [His behavior] infuriates me [enrages me, makes me very angry]. | 《口》 He annoys the hell out of me. | He drives me (completely) up the wall. | He (really) pisses me off. ・頭に来たから, あいつのノートに落書きしてやった. It enraged me [made me very angry] so I scribbled in his notebook. | I got so mad [angry] that I drew pictures all over his notebook. ・それを聞いて彼は頭に来た. When he heard that he blew his top [hit the roof, flew into a rage]. 頭(の上)の蝿(はえ)を追え Mind your own business. 頭の黒い鼠(ねずみ) a person who steals money from the place where he works; an embezzler. 頭の黒い鼠にかじられてあの店は倒産した. That store [shop] went bankrupt because an employee embezzled money. ・酒が一晩で半分に減ったのは, 頭の黒い鼠のしわざに違いない. The fact that half the bottle disappeared overnight means that someone has been at it [got at it, been helping themselves]. 頭(のてっぺん)から(足の)爪先(つまさき)まで from head to foot; 《dressed in red》 from head [top] to toe. 頭のてっぺんから足の爪先までトップモードで着飾った娘が, 目の前に現れた. A girl appeared in front of me, dressed up in the latest fashion articles from head to foot [adorned in the latest fashion items from top to toe]. ・彼は私を頭から爪先までじろじろ見た. He looked me up and down (from head to foot). 頭を痛める どうしたら子供の癖が直るか, 母親は頭を痛めている. His mother is worried [concerned] about how to cure the child of this habit. | His mother worries [is worrying] about how she can get rid of the child's bad habits. ・ごみ問題には多くの自治体が頭を痛めている. Many local authorities are concerned [worried] about the garbage problem. | The problem of waste is causing headaches for many local authorities. 頭を打つ peak; top; hit a ceiling [plateau]. [＝頭打ちになる (⇒あたまうち)] 5 年ほど前から増加傾向にあった経常黒字が頭を打ち, 減少に転じはじめた. The current account surplus, which had been increasing for the previous five years or so, peaked and started to shrink. 頭を押さえつける 地方自治体は許認可制度によって国に頭を押さえつけられている. The central government uses a system of sanctioning and licensing to keep the local governments under central control [prevent local governments from taking initiatives]. 頭を抱える このところ娘の反抗に頭を抱えています. Lately I've been tearing my hair out [very disturbed] because of my daughter's disobedience. ・反対派と賛成派の双方をどう納得させるか, 当局は頭を抱えている. The authorities are at their wit's end [tearing their hair out, at the end of their tether] because they don't know how to get those for and those against to agree. 頭を下げる 1 〔頼みごとをする〕 beg sb 《to do》; appeal to sb 《to do》; plead with sb 《to do》; beg a favor 《of sb》. 父は私に頭を下げて, 家業を継いでくれと言った. My father pleaded with me to take on the family business. ・彼は人に頭を下げるのが嫌いで, そのため出世が遅れた. He hates to curry favor with people, and that's why his promotion was delayed. 2 〔謝る〕 apologize; say sorry; express regret. 彼女は息子が殴った子の家を訪れて親に頭を下げてきた. She visited the home of the boy her son had punched and apologized. 頭を絞る ない頭を絞って, 私はスピーチの文案を練った. Forcing my weak brain to work, I polished the draft of my speech. 頭を悩ます 1 〔考えて〕 rack [cudgel] one's brain(s) 《for a solution, to find a solution, over a problem》; 〈原因が主語〉 tax sb's brain(s). 教師たちは今, 来年の入試問題作りで頭を悩ましている. The teachers are sweating over [struggling with] next year's entrance exam questions at the moment. | At the moment the teachers are racking [cudgeling] their brains over the questions for next year's entrance exam. 2 〔心配して〕 worry 《about…》; worry one's head 《about…》; trouble (oneself) 《about…》; 〈原因が主語〉 《口》 give sb a hard [rough, tough] time. 彼が病弱だったので, 両親はずいぶん頭を悩ました. He was a sickly child and gave [caused] his parents a lot of anxiety. | His health was weak and his parents worried a great deal about him. 頭をはねる pocket a percentage 《of sb's wages》. 彼らの賃金は手配師に頭をはねられる. The recruiters (of day laborers) take a rake-off from [skin something off the top of] their wages. 頭を捻(ひね)る 〔知恵をしぼる〕 rack [cudgel] one's brains 《to figure out》; 〔いぶかしむ〕 wonder 《why》; be puzzled about 《why》; think it strange 《that…》. どうしたらもっと速く計算できるか, かなり頭を捻った. For a long time I racked my brains to figure out a quicker way of doing the calculations. ・どうやって人件費を削減するかに経営陣は頭を捻っている. The management are racking their brains for a way to reduce personnel costs. ・なぜあの時あんな発言を彼はしたのか, 友人たちは頭を捻った. His friends were puzzled about [wondered] why he made such remarks that time. 頭を冷やす 〔冷静になる〕 cool down [off]; calm down. 頭を冷やして出直して来い. Come back when you've cooled down [when you're in a better temper]. 頭を丸める 〔頭髪を剃り落とす〕 have one's head shaved; 〔出家する〕 become a (Buddhist) monk [priest]; enter the (Buddhist) priesthood. 彼は世をはかなんで頭を丸めた. He lost interest in life [was overcome with despair] and became a priest. ・彼は謝罪のために頭を丸めた. He shaved his hair to express his remorse.
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